{"id":3704,"date":"2023-03-11T20:37:48","date_gmt":"2023-03-11T20:37:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adufes.com\/website\/?page_id=3704"},"modified":"2023-03-11T20:37:49","modified_gmt":"2023-03-11T20:37:49","slug":"construcao-tradicional-e-terminologia","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/adufes.com\/website\/construcao-tradicional-e-terminologia\/","title":{"rendered":"Constru\u00e7\u00e3o Tradicional e terminologia"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

“Os armas do meu adufe, s\u00e3o de pau de laranjeira. Quem quiser tocar nele, h\u00e1-de ter a m\u00e3o ligeira.<\/em>“<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na minha tese (ver bibliografia), dedico o cap\u00edtulo II \u00e0 an\u00e1lise do processo de constru\u00e7\u00e3o tradicional. A\u00ed procuro resumir os m\u00e9todos e materiais utilizados. Aconselho tamb\u00e9m a leitura dos anexos a entrevista a Jos\u00e9 Relvas (p.80), mestre artes\u00e3o, guardi\u00e3o do Saber expoente m\u00e1ximo da constru\u00e7\u00e3o artesanal de adufes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Tenho treze a catorze modelos. O 40 por 40 \u00e9 o profissional. O resto \u00e9 decora\u00e7\u00e3o e para as crian\u00e7as.<\/em>“<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As medidas abaixo, recolhidas na oficina de Jos\u00e9 Relvas, representam <\/strong>um exemplo dos diferentes tamanhos de adufe existentes. As dimens\u00f5es n\u00e3o est\u00e3o padronizadas entre os artes\u00e3os e podem variar consoante o gosto de cada um ou a disponibilidade de madeira e pele. H\u00e1 sempre uma l\u00f3gica de aproveitar a pele ao m\u00e1ximo. Por exemplo, podem construir um adufe grande e com os restos outros mais pequenos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

[5,9cm de lado por 1,4cm de espessura.]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10cm por 2,2cm][13 cm por 2,4cm]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[20 cm por 3,9cm] J\u00e1 toca qualquer coisa<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[25,5 por 5cm. Armas 16,8mm de espessura.]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[30,5cm por 5cm. Espessura das armas: 20,50mm]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[35cm por 5cm, armas: 20,50mm]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[40,8cm por 6,6cm. Espessura das armas: 20,90mm]<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Com Jos\u00e9 Relvas os adufes cresceram em dimens\u00f5es quando comparados com os instrumentos mais antigos. Possivelmente por haver mais homens a tocar e estes terem m\u00e3os maiores para segurar o adufe. \u00c9 comum haver uma procura por adufes com mais grave e com maior volume sonoro, consequentemente maiores. (Apesar desta quest\u00e3o n\u00e3o estar merecer maior aten\u00e7\u00e3o e discuss\u00e3o: o som grave do adufe depende muito da tens\u00e3o correcta da pele e da t\u00e9cnica de execu\u00e7\u00e3o.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O Jos\u00e9 Relvas constr\u00f3i adufes mais especiais com: 45cm de lado, 50cm, 55cm, 60cm. E, segundo recordo, o maior de todos constru\u00eddo pelo artes\u00e3o ter\u00e1 cerca de 1 metro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Instrumentos excessivamente grandes levantam v\u00e1rios problemas de execu\u00e7\u00e3o e na qualidade som, na posi\u00e7\u00e3o tradicional das m\u00e3os, a m\u00e3o forte n\u00e3o consegue atingir a zona de ataque correcta e onde se obt\u00e9m mais graves.)<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
Relvas e o seu adufe.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Terminologia<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Adufe<\/strong> (nome comum), pindeiro<\/em> (na zona de Malpica do Tejo).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peles<\/strong> \u2013 pele de cabra ou ovelha. No passado, tamb\u00e9m se usava \u201csamarras” (ver Lu\u00eds Henrique, em Instrumentos Musicais)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Armas <\/strong>\u2013 estrutura de madeira ou se armam as peles; tamb\u00e9m se difundiu como \u201caros\u201d. Alguns autores referem tamb\u00e9m caixilho, moldura ou arma\u00e7\u00e3o. Do meu ponto de vista, os dois primeiros (caixilho e moldura) n\u00e3o est\u00e3o correctos uma vez que delimitam algo. No caso do adufe, a pele envolve a estrutura estrutura e esta fica por dentro. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Maravalhas<\/strong> \u2013 fitas coloridas ornamentais presas nos cantos do adufe. Antigamente usavam-se restos de tecidos das roupas. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fita colorida<\/strong> \u2013 fita decorativa que esconde a costura da pele, geralmente de cetim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Caricas<\/strong>, guizos, pedras, sementes, peda\u00e7os de metal ou lat\u00e3o \u2013 soalhas interiores<\/span> (termo que usei pela primeira vez em 2012 para denominar os objectos que se colocam dentro do adufe. Mais tarde, inovei colocando um el\u00e1stico \u00e0 volta do adufe para obter um efeito semelhante a alguns adufes e pandeiros, que tinham cordas ou arames por dentro, que vibravam em contacto com a pele e alteram o seu timbre. Neste caso com a facilidade de se poder p\u00f4r e tirar facilm<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

“Os armas do meu adufe, s\u00e3o de pau de laranjeira. Quem quiser tocar nele, h\u00e1-de ter a m\u00e3o ligeira.“ Na minha tese (ver bibliografia), dedico o cap\u00edtulo II \u00e0 an\u00e1lise do processo de constru\u00e7\u00e3o tradicional. A\u00ed procuro resumir os m\u00e9todos e materiais utilizados. Aconselho tamb\u00e9m a leitura dos anexos a entrevista a Jos\u00e9 Relvas (p.80),…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3704","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nConstru\u00e7\u00e3o Tradicional e terminologia - Adufes Rui Silva<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/adufes.com\/website\/construcao-tradicional-e-terminologia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_PT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Constru\u00e7\u00e3o Tradicional e terminologia - Adufes Rui Silva\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"“Os armas do meu adufe, s\u00e3o de pau de laranjeira. 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